Ovarian

Comparing thousands of cases across Scandinavia has shown lower progression risk in users of antihistamines especially loratadine. Similarly, patient studies for vitamin D3 levels and outcomes confirm the advantages in having relatively high levels. Vitamin D3 deficiency is common in many cancers including ovarian, and is reported to be a marker for worsened prognosis. Also from case data, use of low dose aspirin has its highest impact in post-diagnosis users, increasing progression free time and, importantly, reducing all cause risk even in advanced stages. The researchers make the comparision with result of adding an immunotherapy drug to the chemotherapy treatment. Its apparent that during stages I to III, low dose aspirin has by far the larger impact in slowing down progression.

Aspirin can also amplify the actions of statins, and the latter are also shown from patient data to measurably improve the prognosis with post-diagnostic use. Increased cholesterol activity is one common finding in how many cancers can grow and progress. Comparing users to non users in studies has shown lowered risks for progression in ovarian cancer management. Where a prescription for something like atorvastatin is not available, the well proven supplement red yeast rice is the natural source of lovastatin. There are several oncology drug classes often increasing lipid levels, so sustained use is beneficial. Effects are often reported as highest in those who respond with lower LDL levels.

New research in Sweden shows strongly elevated levels of so called gal-3 inflammatory proteins at both local and metastatic sites. The study shows how natural immune response is turned off in a third of patients. This recent finding links with evidence that responders to citrus pectin therapy, about a quarter to half of patients respond positively. Importantly, citrus pectin especially combined with marine alginates has been reported to remove heavy metals. Studies implicate high serum copper as a factor in progression rate. During a recurrence phase, researchers have also reported a large drop in zinc levels. The mechanisms behind this include cancer switching immune system activity to allow its growth. So far there are no trials to show effects of supplementation. Healthy pre-diagnostic zinc-selenium levels are strongly linked with better outcomes in several cancers, and now high dose selenium within oncology has shown some striking results. These include a pilot trial in advanced ovarian cancers where up to a quarter of patients showed sustained progression free responses with chemotherapy.

A crucial hormone for whole body health, melatonin is frequently very depressed in a variety of cancer patients at diagnosis not least ovarian. Even at very late stages, some patients across multiple disease types respond to moderate to high dose melatonin with boh stable disease and improved quality of life.

Having a diverse healthy gut microbiota is a driver of lower risk and better treatment results. Studies find the bacteria strain called akkermansia is deficient in ovarian cancer limiting immune response to cancer. Akkermansia with lactate (e.g probiotic yoghurt) can also help regulate metabolism of tryptophan, and amino acid linked to high progression risk when dysregulated by ovarian cancer to fuel growth. Functional foods such as nut consumption increase levels of akkermansia and and many other beneficial bacteria strains. In dietary interventions there are current ongoing trials with crushed flaxseed also, which can act help balance hormone levels and improve microbiome at the same time.

Systemic inflammation is linked with increased risks for progression, especially in later stages. Both acute type inflammatory responses (measured by c-reactive protein or CRP), and immune system related inflammation (NLR or neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios). Maintaining relatively lower levels of both make a substantial difference. Commonly used Astragalus root has evidence of improving immune system balance and NLR while curcumin and other other functional foods including garlic can help bring down systemic inflammation (and so lower CRP).

The so called Th1/Th2 immune system balance is strongly linked to the progression and to treatment resistance. Molecular iodine solutions are emerging in this area in breast cancer management and seen boosting Th1 anti tumor activity and helping suppress over active Th2 used in resistance. The has improved results in surgery plus chemotherapy and may support increased response immunotherapy (see Supplement Library). For immunotherapy the presence of high sodium levels is now identfied as a key marker for success in other cancers. Also in other cancers, AM treatment programs are substantially more effective that PM/evening sessions

Subscribe to the site for Pathfinder ANALYSIS and helpful GUIDE. Build you personal plan with confidence.

Click the IMAGE to view the library entry

Antihistamines have large scale analysis supporting their use in most cancers

Up to 35% relative reduced risks for progression with loratadine
Tendencies to increased effects over longer time periods also reported
Specific to the H1 class and loratadine in two large studies, not H2 class

In conclusion, in a nationwide cohort study, we provide epidemiologic evidence suggesting that antihistamines with CAD characteristics at current doses may provide a prognostic benefit in ovarian cancer patients. The plausibility of this finding was confirmed in vitro in ovarian cancer cell lines. Further efforts are required to confirm our results in other study populations, and to elucidate the precise biological mechanism. Given that current antihistamines are well-tolerated, inexpensive, and already commonly used in cancer patients, CAD antihistamines may become promising candidates as ...

Vitamin D3 and its immune system health actions are key, higher doses being trialed in oncology

Research reports vitamin D3 levels at diagnosis strongly influence outcomes
Over 50% risk reductions when comparing higher to lower levels in data
Somewhat higher association is shown here for early stage patients

Our data suggest that circulating 25(OH)D at diagnosis is a predictor of survival among women with ovarian cancer, independent of known prognostic factors, including age, stage of disease, and residual disease after surgery. This association was somewhat stronger for women with earlier stage disease and thus an inherently better outcome than for those with more advanced disease…. our data show that serum 25(OH)D concentrations at diagnosis were independently associated with survival after a diagnosis of ovarian cancer, suggesting that measurement of serum 25(OH)D at diagnosis may prov...

Aspirin has a majority of analysis in its favor including all-cause mortality

25% increased progression free and 35% overall risk reductions shown
Somewhat higher aspirin benefits seen for post-diagnosis users vs others
Notably, care is taken to include over the counter use, not only prescriptions

Our data suggest improved survival associated with both prediagnosis and postdiagnosis use of NSAIDs, with little difference between new and continuous users (vs never users). The association was driven by frequent use (which was primarily daily lowdose aspirin) and would translate to a 2.5-month difference in mean survival at 5 years. Although the survival increase is small, other treatments used for OC [ovarian cancer] may not confer a much greater benefit….Our findings confirm a previous study suggesting NSAID use might improve OC survival.

Red Yeast Rice or where possible a prescription statin impacts include lower all cause risk

Post-diagnostic statin use is reported with 32% increased relative survival
Effects are larger for early stage, and here all patients used statins for elevated cholesterol
Other studies report high responders are those who see cholesterol decreases with use

Our results confirm previous observations that women with ovarian cancer who take statins after their diagnosis may have better survival than women who do not use statins. However, it is impossible to rule out all potential sources of bias in observational studies. Particularly important in a population like this, where a high proportion of women are likely to be experiencing side-effects of both treatment and the disease, is the possibility of reverse causation. There are also no data about the potential effects of statins among women who do not have high cholesterol levels

Citrus Pectin removes heavy metals such as copper and has its own anti-cancer mechanisms

Palliative stage patients including some uterine cancers, a third saw over 4 months stable disease
20% of this subgroup were shown as stable for more than 6 months despite advanced stage
Lower gal-3 is linked in other studies with a 50% or more reduction in relative risk

In this context, it is remarkable, that in our study the treatment with MCP over a period of 8 weeks was associated with an overall clinical benefit response of 20,7% (6 patients out of 29) as well as an improvement of quality of life. However, the high drop out rate of 20 patients already 8 weeks after the start of treatment has to be considered, reflecting the poor clinical condition of most patients entering our trial and compliance issues in advanced disease…Nevertheless, this is the first Good Clinical Practice (GCP) conformant study showing relevant measurable clinical effects o...

Zinc levels need maintaining at healthy levels according to patient data in many cancers

Disease recurrence reported nearly 5X more likely with insufficient zinc
83% of patients with disease recurrence showed zinc deficiency
Deficiency is reported as independent of diet, treatment or other factors

However, patients with gynecologic cancer exhibited significantly lower serum zinc concentrations following treatment, and patients with recurrent cancer were 4.8 times more likely to develop zinc deficiency than those with nonrecurrent cancer. A serum zinc concentration of <61 μg/dL was an independent predictor of recurrence. Once zinc deficiency occurred, the recurrence rate of zinc deficiency reached as high as 69%. Overall, our study indicates that zinc deficiency is associated with recurrence in gynecological cancers and physicians should monitor zinc levels during disease manageme...

Selenium is developing in kidney and ovarian cancer, high doses pulsed with oncology drugs

Progression Free Survival increased equally to adding an immunotherapy drug, about 50%
Around 20% of patients are reported with substantially lower risk levels following supplementation
Notably its also 20% of the patient group actually recieved the dose level targeted for phase II

Of the 3 patients found to have a deleterious mutation in either BRCA1 or BRCA2, one patient experienced a PR with an overall survival (OS) of 79 months, while two patients receiving adjuvant therapy are alive with disease at 81 and 105 months. Interestingly, seven of the nine patients in this tested group without a deleterious germline BRCA1/2 mutation experienced prolonged OS ranging from 60–120 months. Of those seven patients, three patients remain with no evidence of disease at 62, 69, and 114 months, while one patient is alive with disease at 120 months….Overall, the addition o...

Lactoferrin increases iron balance and reduces anemia rates, countering cancers use of iron

Cancers can progress by upregulating circulating iron stored as ferritin
This report shows large benefit to having normal hemoglobin and relatively low ferritin
It also show large risk reductions for lowering inflammation (CRP biomarker)

The Kaplan-Meier survival analyses of serum ferritin expression revealed that the high ferritin level group had significantly less survival time than normal and low ferritin level groups. It indicates that serum ferritin could predict a poor prognosis for patients with gynecological malignant tumors. The univariable Cox regression analysis identified patients with a high level of ferritin (150
g/L) had a significant correlation with the risk of death compared to the patients with low and normal ferritin levels. Studies have also shown iron elevation in cancer is significant.

Akkermansia supplements can be useful but a functional food diet is attractive for microbiome

Ovarian cancer patients levels of akkermansia reduced by 75%
Mouse model of tumor samples shows clear link to immune response
Akkermansia is a driver of response in immunotherapy with colorectal cancer

Overall, patients with OC [ovarian cancer] have a different gut microbiota signature [akkermansia was severely reduced]… Our findings provide a perspective for connecting the immune microenvironment of OC with the gut microbiota and may lead to the corresponding treatment strategies regarding gut homeostasis. Considering gut bacteria administration is convenient to access, biologically safe, and possesses the ability to facilitate immune surveillance of OC, the Akkermansia or its analogs might warrant being validated in clinical trials for late-stage OC in the near future.

Melatonin trials have shown longer survival rates, even in late stages, and improved side effects

Similar benefits in a wide variety of patients at least some Ovarian cancers in the data
Specific studies referenced include fascinating late stage trials with high doses
Very detailed pre-clinical studies map the ovarian cancer specific effects

This meta-analysis shows a significant positive effect for cancer patients with the use of oral MLT [melatonin], alone and in combination with chemotherapy. Benefits were seen on survival rates, treatment response rates, and disease progression and on the toxicity profile of a number of chemotherapy agents. It is important to note that these benefits were observed despite the fact that the analysis combined a wide variety of biologically and clinically distinct cancer types, across which MLT nonetheless demonstrated similar results. The large effect sizes and good safety profile of this int...

Flax has evidence of activity and other hormonal cancers, an active functional food

Decent evidence in breast cancer, pending research results in ovarian cancer
Promising lab studies have led to a pilot 2 year study in advanced stage disease recurrence
Stronger evidence in breast cancer is reported for post-menopausal women

For stages III and IV, the risk of recurrence is very high, with 5-year survival rates ranging from just 13% to 44%. Furthermore, OC represents a high potential for metastases even in the setting of complete response to initial therapy. Efforts to devise new treatment strategies are therefore essential in order to improve survival. In this grant application, the investigators postulate that utilizing dietary supplementation of flaxseed for maintenance therapy in patients with OC in clinical remission following treatment with platinum-based regimens will be tolerable and prolong their progre...

Curcumin has evidence for reducing levels of systemic inflammation used by cancers

Lower levels of inflammation in patient data are linked to better outcome
Around a fifth lower risk overall and a third lowered progression risk
Inflammation tends to increase with advanced stages and ascites (fluid build up)

Our results indicated that elevated CRP [c-reactive protein, the measure for classic inflammation] levels were markedly associated with shortened OS and inferior PFS [progression free survival] in patients with OC. Furthermore, higher CRP levels exhibited a significant relationship with advanced FIGO stage, larger residual tumor size, higher histological grade, and ascites volume ≥ 500 mL. Collectively, these data suggest that elevated CRP level is a prognostic marker for poor short- and long-term survival in patients with OC. Increased CRP levels are also predictive of clinicopatholo...

Astragalus actions include restoring balanced immune responses often with clear effects reported

Low Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio, NLR, strongly reduces risks
A 90% reduced progression free survival risk with low NLR
Large scale meta-analysis reports overall risk reductions of a third

We found that the NLR value at baseline was not associated with response to NACT [chemo], while a decrease in NLR after three cycles was correlated with a better response to NACT. Also, values of CRP, IL-6, ferritin, and mGPS after three cycles of NACT (but not at baseline) were significantly associated with clinical response…patients with a low NLR value after 3 cycles of NACT, but not at baseline, had a significantly higher PFS than patients with high NLR after 3 cycles of NACT. In conclusion, NLR change during treatment could serve as a predictive marker of response to NACT in pati...

Support us and get our essential pathfinder GUIDE. Impacts Analysis, Usage and doses, EXAMPLE plan and supporting comments

GUIDE

Pathfinder Element	Risk Reduction Factor	Anti-Metastatic	Reduces Side Effects	Research Study
Vitamin D3	>50%	Yes	Maybe	Link
Zinc	>50%	Maybe	Maybe	Link
Antihistamines	26 - 50%	Probably	Probably	Link
High dose Selenium	26 - 50%	Probably	Maybe	Link
Aspirin	26 - 50%	Yes	Maybe	Link
Red yeast rice/ statin	26 - 50%	Probably	Maybe	Link
Melatonin with immunotherapy	Up to 25%	Maybe	Yes	Link
Citrus Pectin	Up to 25%	Probably	Probably	Link
Astragalus	Indirect - High	Yes	Yes	Link
Gut health including Akkermansia	Indirect - High	Probably	Yes	Link
Lactoferrin	Indirect - High	Probably	Yes	Link
Curcumin	Indirect - Moderate	Maybe	Maybe	Link
Flax	Indirect - Moderate			Link

Plan Item	Cancers	Background Details	Trial Doses Under Supervision	References
Antihistamines	Breast, TNBC, Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, Kidney, Liver, Gastric, Ovarian, Cervical, Pancreatic, Melanoma, Lymphoma, Esophageal, Bladder	Research indicates desloratadine for localized cancers or loratadine for metastatic. There are examples of ebastine or other alternatives in certain cases. Growing research evidence indicates improved oncology responses. Taken between meals. Low histamine before and during treatment is beneficial.	Active use in clinical trials is still in early phase, follow the dose recommendation for instance 5mg daily unless under medical supervision where higher 10mg doses are frequent
Aspirin	Breast, TNBC, Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, Kidney, Liver, Ovarian, Cervical, Endometrial, Pancreatic, Melanoma, Myeloma, Head and Neck, Bladder, Gallbladder, Non Melanoma Skin, Gastric	Use of low dose 75 or 81mg "baby" aspirin is reported to benefit many cancer types across an average study group, and even all cause mortality. There are some indications of specific "responders" for instance those with existing inflammatory conditions or certain gene expressions. With food.	In a colorectal cancer trial responders were tied to the expression of particular genes (PI3KA). Doses were 160mg	LINK
Astragalus	Breast, TNBC, Lung, Colorectal, Liver, Gastric, Cervical, Endometrial, Pancreatic, Prostate, Kidney, Ovarian, Glioblastoma, Non Hodgkin, Lymphoma, Leukemia, Myeloma, Head and Neck, Bladder, Gallbladder, Thyroid	A typical astraglaus membranaceus supplement may have 50mg of astragaloside IV the main active compound. Its possible with meals can reduce any stomach upset. Use of a standard dose to help immune system balance before treatment.	Here, Astragalus is added to standard oncology in lung cancer Doses are 2-3 tablets of 250mg AMe (Solgar, NJ, USA) minimum for 6 months in this example	LINK
Beta Glucans	TNBC, Lung, Liver, Gastric, Cervical, Pancreatic, Melanoma, Non Hodgkin, Lymphoma, Leukemia	There are many options for mushroom or yeast 1,3/1,6 glucan and branded products include California Gold Immune Defense/Wellmune, AHCC, Biogen/ Yestimun, ImmiFlex, IP6 and many more. A pharma grade product, odetiglucan, is continuing in trials. Take on an empty stomach. Use a standard dose to help balance the immune system before starting treatments.	AHCC is used at 3x1g per day over several months during treatment. Beta glucans are used at 1-2g per day and higher.	LINK
Danshen	Breast, Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, Liver, Leukemia, Myeloma, Bladder	The most common chinese herbal medicine in oncology, also known as red sage. Premium brands such as MCS may recommend 1g twice daily as an ongoing dose. Its possible with meals can reduce any stomach upset. Start a standard dose a couple of weeks before treatment to help balance the immune system.	3 x1g daily between meals , over at least 90 days ideally longer to get maximum benefits according to reported patient outcomes, though even shorter dose period reduced risk	LINK
Green Coffee Extract	Glioblastoma	Supplements vary in terms of their chlorogenic acid content, it can be up to 50%. Quality brand might specify this level under their recommended intake. High dose commercial brands may be over 1000mg total, take before meals.	Analysis across trials reports metabolic health benefits start are higher at >500mg or daily. High chlorogenic acid content supplements eg Svetol have been trialed safely for 12 weeks at 200mg x 5 daily dose. As always, be aware of possible drug interactions	LINK
Red Yeast Rice Or statin	Breast, TNBC, Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, Kidney, Liver, Gastric, Ovarian, Cervical, Endometrial, Melanoma, Leukemia, Myeloma, Head and Neck, Esophageal	Red yeast rice is equivalent to lovastatin. Doses are essentially on the products, and there are many premium brands with guaranteed level of monokolin k around 3mg. A common theme is findings is those with improved cholesterol are "responders". With meals. Start cholesterol and inflammation reducing statins early.	Trial data is often case studies with multiple statins where lovastatin has average effects. Often atorvastatin and sometimes simvastatin come out on top. Research ususally reports intermediate doses ( 10-20mg) are effective but there are examples indicating higher doses under supervision.	LINK
Turkey Tail	Lung, Colorectal, Kidney, Liver, Gastric	A typical premium supplement such as MCS recommend 700mg twice daily with food. Mushroom based glucans can help balance immune response so start them before your treatment.	Pharma grade turkey tail, e.g PSP/ PSK/ Krestin is typically used at 3x 1g daily during oncology, up to 36 months and more. Trials in breast cancer have also used 3,6 and 9g daily regimes in 6 week periods	LINK
Vitamin D3	Breast, TNBC, Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, Gastric, Ovarian, Pancreatic, Glioblastoma, Melanoma, Non Hodgkin, Lymphoma, Leukemia, Myeloma, Head and Neck, Esophageal, Bladder	High dose commercial formulae can be 10,000IU. Which might be achieved by as little as 10 to 20 minutes in sunshine. Vitamin K2 is advised with D3. Take with some food containing fat. Its important to ramp these up before oncology treatments, and sustain the higher levels over time. Add magnesium for best absorption and metabolism.	The VITAL trial used 2000IU and discussed the potential of higher doses to increase responders especially higher BMI/ body weight. Whilst in prostate cancer there are trials demonstrating at least 10,000IU is required to see activity reducing PSA levels	LINK
Melatonin	Breast, TNBC, Prostate, Lung, Kidney, Liver, Ovarian, Cervical, Endometrial, Pancreatic, Glioblastoma	Commonly used in 10 to 40mg daily range no reported side effects, typically an hour before sleep.	Moderate and high dose trials report no significant side effects even at 1000mg daily	LINK
Citrus Pectin	Breast, TNBC, Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, Kidney, Liver, Ovarian, Cervical, Endometrial, Pancreatic, Non Hodgkin, Leukemia, Myeloma, Head and Neck, Esophageal, Bladder, Gallbladder, Thyroid, Gastric	Trials use a recommended dose up to 5g x3 daily and no significant side effects. Taken 30 minutes before or 90 minutes after food. Ideally, start PectaClear or similar products at least 4 week before treatment to reduce heavy metals. But sustain zinc with supplementation	Even in children age 5 to 12 the daily regime 3 x 5g was safe and effective for heavy metal chelation	LINK
Soy Isoflavones	Breast, Prostate, TNBC	Often dietary sources, tofu and soy based and no evidence of side effects. Supplements generally with food.	In a clinical trial setting up to 900mg with no issues	LINK
Fermented Wheatgerm	Prostate, Colorectal, Melanoma	Trials are with Avemar brand products with no significant safety concerns reported	Typical dose regimes may be aroung 9g daily over longer time periods for instance 12 months	LINK
Iodine	Breast, TNBC	General usage around 1000mcg or 1mg generally with food	Successful pilot studies in breast cancer use 5mg molecular Iodine daily for the duration of therapy	LINK
Lactoferrin	Breast, TNBC, Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, Kidney, Liver, Gastric, Ovarian, Cervical, Endometrial, Pancreatic, Glioblastoma, Melanoma, Non Hodgkin, Lymphoma, Leukemia, Myeloma, Head and Neck, Bladder, Esophageal, Gallbladder, Thyroid	200mg typical use daily , eg 10ml liposomal formula ideally 30 minutes before meals or 2 hours after. No side effects of note. Start this immediately to achieve and maintain healthy iron absorption, avoid deficiencies and reduce cancer related ferritin levels.	During oncology doses of up to 3g to 9g daily, even higher, have been used with significant side effects	LINK
Selenium	Breast, Lung, Kidney, Ovarian, Cervical, Endometrial, Pancreatic, Melanoma, Head and Neck	Supplements are 200ug doses and similar amounts from about 3 brazil nuts. Start buildin gup your levels immediately and keep them high during oncology. Selenium toxicity is a consideration for high doses over time, so seek medical advice. Ideally taken with meals.	This trial used 2500 to 4000ug 2x daily for 14 days then once daily in kidney cancer with no dose limiting toxicity	LINK
Vitamin B3	Liver, Gastric, Glioblastoma, Non Hodgkin, Lymphoma, Leukemia, Non Melanoma Skin	Typically 500mg for nicotinamide (niacinamide) form of B3 taken ideally with meals	Do not differ from standard doses, here 500mg twice daily related to skin cancer	LINK
Akkermansia	Breast, TNBC, Prostate, Lung, Kidney, Liver, Ovarian, Cervical, Pancreatic, Non Hodgkin, Lymphoma, Leukemia, Myeloma, Head and Neck, Gastric	Commercial products may be at 10B CFU typically 30 minutes before or 2 hours after food. Ramp up levels with diet and moderate supplementation before treatments, especially immunotherapy.	Under development. Results in oncology indicate this is one of many helpful guy bacteria. careful consideration and particularly following use of antibiotics. Diversity is crucial.	LINK
Berberine	Kidney, Liver, Cervical, Pancreatic, Non Hodgkin, Leukemia, Myeloma, Head and Neck, Esophageal, Gallbladder, Thyroid, Non Melanoma Skin, Melanoma, Bladder	A natural anti-diabetic used frequently at 400mg daily and above, shortly before meals	In metabolic health trials frequentlu use up to 500mg at 3 times daily .	LINK
Curcumin	Colorectal, Liver, Non Hodgkin, Myeloma, Bladder, Gallbladder, Non Melanoma Skin, TNBC, Breast, Prostate, Lung, Kidney, Gastric, Ovarian, Cervical, Endometrial, Glioblastoma, Melanoma, Lymphoma, Leukemia, Head and Neck, Thyroid	Doses from 500mg to 2000mg frequently seen. Piperine fron black pepper improves absorption, highly bioavailable formulae are available. Ideally with a meal containing fat.	Higher doses in trials are frequently 2 of 4 g daily (+40 mg piperine) during oncology for instance here at 3 periods of 30 days	LINK
Quercetin	Glioblastoma, Myeloma	Can be found in a healty diet. Supplements often 500 or 1000mg and can be taken with tocotrienols for enhanced absorption, a form of vitamin E . Some evidence that Quercetin should be pulsed on/off.	Clincial trials have safely used up to 5g daily in adults, and 1 to 4g for rare forms of paediatric anemia	LINK
Urolithin A	Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, Kidney, Gastric, Glioblastoma, Melanoma, Myeloma, Gallbladder, Head and Neck	Typical commercial brands run at 500mg once or twice daily, with or without food, some brands suggest with meals	Trials eg in anti-aging science use the same dose range	LINK
Oat and Egg Functional Food	Breast, TNBC, Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, Kidney, Liver, Cervical, Pancreatic, Glioblastoma, Melanoma, Head and Neck, Gallbladder	Follow supplier guidance on dosage and use. https://shop.lantmannenfunctionalfoods.com/? Lowering tumor fluid pressure helps treatments work, start these before your treatment if possible. Use egg based salovum for short term "pulse" during therapy and oat products for sustained use over longer time periods	This trial in glioblastoma used 16g egg based Salovum four times daily. It discusses lowering that regime in follow on trials.	LINK
Coffee	Breast, Prostate, Colorectal, Liver, Non Melanoma Skin	Most dietary studies use standard 8oz servings as a guide. In many cases the findings are that benfits increase with intake. But in some cases such as prostate cancer there are important details in the PATHFINDER	No, but chlorogenic acid and, separately, green coffee extracts are used at 400mg and up to 2000mg
Flax	TNBC, Ovarian	Crushed flaxseed alone or in foods around 1/4 cup daily	Doses up to 50g daily in clinical trials for various diseases. Here a fairly typical 30g regime in inflammatory liver diseases	LINK
Propolis	Breast	Typical supplements range from 400 to 1000mg	Here 400mg x3 daily help recovery from radiotherapy	LINK
Walnuts	Prostate, Colorectal, Melanoma, Head and Neck	Dietary food item shown even at low useage to be helpful even at a few oz per week	Here, 2oz (56g) daily showed measurable activity in breast cancer	LINK
Mushroom	Prostate	Both dietary sources and many commercial supplements normally taken with food	In this example some patients saw responses between 8 and 14g daily of button mushroom extract	LINK
Zinc	Kidney, Ovarian, Cervical, Endometrial, Head and Neck, Non Melanoma Skin	Commercial supplements vary considerably . Moderate 20mg range generally advised	No
Intravenous HIgh Dose Vitamin C	Pancreatic, Glioblastoma	Commercial supplements vary. A moderate range around 20mg with food is generally accepted as safe.	Same as general guidance
Alpha Ketoglutarate	Melanoma, Kidney, TNBC, Non Hodgkin, Lymphoma	Typical usage is 1000mg daily with or without food, safety is good. Its especially important to ramp up and sustain your levels for maximum immunotherapy responses.	Larger doses of several grams have been safely used in various trials including here in bone disease at 6g daily	LINK
Horse Chestnut (Escin)	Thyroid	Common 300 to 600mg supplements contain 50 to 120mg of active compound, escin taken with food	Escin up to 150mg daily in vascular health. In oncology 0.6 mg/kg/day for 9 days, intravenous injection has been used, high absorption premium supplement would reacj this level	LINK

Impact	What	Why	Dose	Impact summary	Later stage treatment/ targeted drugs	Anti-metastatic in general	Higher doses eg in clinical trials	Other comments or sources
>50%	Lactoferrin	Healthy iron metabolism, normal hemoglobin levels Reduce iron used by tumors via ferritin, even during chemo	10ml lipsomal LF daily, ideally on empty stomach	BOTH normal hemoglobin and low ferritin is a huge key to sustained treatment responses, even as the drugs drain iron	Evidence shows essential need for well balanced iron levels, during chemo and targeted drugs both	Low iron levels strongly linked to increased metastatic activity	Only with chemo. 1.5g lactoferrin twice daily 1.5 g for three 6-week cycles used in lung cancer	Hemoglobin over 115g/dL is used as the level in studies. 130 to 150g/dL would be good. Low ferritin levels, and iron inflammatory state, are also needed. LF helps with both
>50%	Zinc	Essential for supporting immune response	Use high absorption formula 20 to 40mg	Cancer activity and treatment deplete zinc. Low levels are overwhelmingly linked with progression	Maintaining Zinc is always important including with chemo and these targeted drugs	Maybe	Unclear but moderation is probably good	Studies show sustaining zinc levels above 61 ug/L has a crucial effect on limiting risk for progression
>50%	Vitamin D3	Boosts and activates immune response, enables strong anti tumor activity	At least 10,000IU daily with meals	For those able to correct low vitamin D3 levels to sustained high amounts there is over 2X benefit in study data	Across many other cancer types higher D3 levels are reported to improve results yes	Yes	Research is into higher doses in order to increase the proportion of "responders"	Existing trials assessed 30ng/ml as sufficient. Other studies actively discuss supplementation to reach at least. 40ng/ml. Be sure to include magnesium and K2
>50%	High Dose Selenium	Immune system support and more. Higher does may weaken tumor resistance	200 mcg with meals is RDA, high dose is several times this	Pilot trial reports remarkable effects in about a quarter of patients. Including cases of long term sustatined remission	This is not researched at this point	Probably	Both OvC and Kidney cancer trials ongoing with these "high" doses	9 to 12X the daily allowance 2 days before chemo is used here. This could produce side effects so consult with your oncology team on this
>50%	Iodine solution (with surgery)	Immune system activation	5mg liquid iodine during treatment window	The research so far is focused on combination with breast cancer surgery	So far this is related to surgery.	Maybe	Not reported	To be seen if iodine solution is effective support in chemo or radiotherapy too. For surgical procedures it has evidence in breast cancer likely to carry over
>50%	Structured exercise	Multiple proposed anti-cancer actions	At least 2.5 hours moderate intensity per week	Yes there are new publications supporting this effect	Probably, there is clear evidence pointing to benefit	Probably	No	New studies confirming this in other cancers
26-50%	Desloratadine	Help immune system function and side effects	1 or 2 x 5mg daily	Large scale analysis of patient records reports this effect	Yes , infact effects are shown to increase over time	Probably	No current evidence but generally safe	Loratadine is reported as effective in metastatic disease stage . see Supplements Library
26-50%	Red yeast rice or statin	Anti-lipid and anti-inflammation	Per the supplier guidance. Use a premium brand	Multiple studies from patient records. Effects mainly for post-dagnostic use especially LDL "responders"	Statins tend ot improve responses to targeted drugs treatments in other cancers	Probably	There are some reports of dose dependency, specifically that low dose statin is not effective	Useful to know if LDL dropped with statin use. Interesting synergies with nattokinase (Supplement Library)
26-50%	Anti-inflammatory diet	Lowering inflammation is crucial, low CRP is a major marker	Continuous	Research evidence continues to grow for mainly vegetarian diet with higher fiber content	Always a valid approach	Yes		Also read Lifestyle section for view on evidence in diets and eating patterns
26-50%	Low dose Aspirin	Reduce blood clotting improves vascular health	75mg	There is evidence for lower progression and recurrence risks and	Yes the effects are also evident in advanced stage treatments	Yes	No	Nattokinase+curcumin is a natural anti-clotting and anti-metastatic. See Nattokinase in Supplements Library
Up to 25%	Citrus Pectin / Pectaclear	Reduce copper and harmful metals, also help sugar metabolism and microbiome	Copper removal with Pectaclear at 2g x 2 daily on an empty stomach	Heavy metals strongly linked to poor prognosis. Possible anti-metastatic activity too.	Lower copper is clearly linked to better immunotherapy responses in other cancers	Probably	Follow supplier program	Exposure to tobacco may contribute to heavy metal build up in some patients, and reducing this is crucial for those who are at risk
Up to 25%	Propolis ( with radiotherapy)	Protective actions against radiation induced cell damage	Per supplier	The data available shows very beneficial support for radiotherapy	Focused on radiotherapy	Maybe	Trials have used 400mg x3 daily doses
Indirect-high	Gut health including akkermansia	Indirect importance of gut bacteria is paramount in treatment and side effects	Supplier dose, moderate level	Spread to the bone in several cancers is linked to lack of a diverse microbiota including low akkermansia.	Has become a recognized factor in immunotherapy success, with likely strong importance here too with say PARP inhibitors	Yes	No, evidence is to apply moderation with supplements and lead with diet	Foundation here is high vegetable and high fiber diet
Indirect-high	Astragalus	Natural immune system balance and activity, studies are in chemotherapy but also inflammatory marker NLR	At least 500mg daily (50mg astragalaside)	There are astonishingly improved outcomes with low NLR markers, astraglus can assist that	Astragalus has good results in chemo and TKI targeted drugs in several cancers	Yes	Prescribed doses of 3g per day are typical in first months	Based on evidence in lung cancer, excellent alternative with chemo to achieve "immuntherapy" type benefits (Supplements Library)
Indirect-high	Ground flax seed	Compounds in flax are reported to reduce cancer growth rates	At least 1oz 3 to 4 tablespoons daily	Reports in breast cancer have now led to trials in ovarian cancer	Compelling pre-clinical evidence is reported for likely support of targeted drugs	Maybe	Yes there are suggestions of a dose dependent benefit	Has strongly beneficial effects on microbiome
Indirect - High	Melatonin	Boosts natural immune system activity	Often 10 to 20mg evenings	Higher doses are reported with striking effect in late stages. More is needed on continuous use.	No current evidence	Maybe	100mg and even 1g have shown responses in late stage trials
Indirect - High	Oat and Egg functional foods (especially with chemotherapy)	Helps treatment side effects and potentially weakens physical tumor resistance	Per supplier	Clinical trial ongoing primarily to reduce side effects. Especially chemo related and reducing metastatic activity	No current evidence	Probably	No data	Ongoing phase III trial looking at reducing treatment side effects especially gastrointestinal....may reduce tumor resistance
Indirect - Moderate	Curcumin	Good supplement in anti-inflammatory diet	Per supplier. Get a high absorption formula	Has potential copper removal actions and more	No current evidence	Maybe	Follow supplier program

Ovarian cancer is usually treated with a first line of surgery plus chemotherapy. Additional targered drugs may be recommended such as olaparib (Lynparza) or bevacizumab (Avastin). As seen in most of oncology these newer drugs make a limited impact. Here for instance, olaparib helps with progression free time but does not reduce overall progression risks https://www.gynecologiconcology-online.net/article/S0090-8258(22)01244-6/abstract Similarly bevacizumab has little effect on reducing the progression rates here https://ascopubs.org/doi/10.1200/JCO.19.01009 These drugs of course can bring unwanted side effects.

Your PATHFINDER brings together research that may help maximize the effects of chemotherapy and/or targeted drug treatments. The IMPACTS tab summarizes these and can lead to Many more Good days by helping these treatments work, reducing your risk for progression and by easing treatment side effects. If you do elect both chemotherapy and targeted drugs, you can continue to look for ways to increase the results and reduce possible toxicities;

Be sure to fully read and absorb the PATHFINDER and its Impacts summary
If you have metastatic sites take a look into the corresponding Pathfinder for those too, for inspiration.
Use the Supplement Library Index and filter on “Chemotherapy” and “Targeted drugs” for ideas.
The Foods Library can complement your plan, including anti-metastatic strategies and metabolic health
In the Lifestyle section gathers fascinating evidence for diets and exercise
The PLANS section may have information from what others are doing and have learned

Ovarian

Help grow the community